The article examines the phenomenon of online music piracy, with particular emphasis on its contemporary forms and the legal consequences arising from the infringement of copyrights in musical works. The first part discusses the notion of online piracy and the current scale of the phenomenon. It further presents modern forms of online music piracy, including peer-to-peer sharing, stream-ripping, illegal online services, the use of music fragments on social media, as well as the exploitation of musical content by artificial intelligence systems. The subsequent sections analyse the civil and criminal liability of users and online platforms. The article then addresses the consequences of piracy for creators and outlines methods of combating it, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach combining legal, technological and educational measures. It ultimately argues that the effective protection of music in the digital environment requires cooperation between creators, online platforms and legislators, as well as the adaptation of existing regulations to a rapidly evolving technological landscape.